Synthesis, Modification, Applications and Challenges of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

The paper revealed the synthesis and ability of TiO2 nanoparticles to possess desirable features such as biocompatibility, crystalline and chemical structure stability, as well as optical and electrical properties, which makes it a vital research material in the various area of application. In this paper, it was posited that the use of biological synthetic method is the most eco-friendly preparation method when compared to the physical and chemical synthetic methods which are affected by the demerit of equipment cost and chemical toxicity respectively. Modification techniques such as immobilization, doping and coupling have been reported in this review to be effective in increasing the performance efficiency of TiO2 nanoparticles and solving the problem of separation difficulty encounter in water and wastewater treatment. It was also reported that TiO2 nanoparticles has been successfully applied in the various field such as water and wastewater treatment, photovoltaic devices, environmental remediation as well as in biomedical operation and devices. Finally, it was reported in this review that chronic inhalation of TiO2 nanoparticles may result to health related problems, which may constitute a threat to the ecosystem.

Keywords: Modification, Nanoparticles, Immobilization, Synthesis, Biomedical, Eco-friendly.